- Description
Description
Amoxicillin 70%
Water-soluble powder
Pigs
Chickens
Composition
Amoxicillin 70% is a highly concentrated amoxicillin powder. It contains 700 mg/g of amoxicillin, which corresponds to 817.7 mg of amoxicillin trihydrate.
Indications for use
Amoxicillin 70% is indicated for the oral treatment of bacterial infections of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract and urogenital tract, skin and soft tissues caused by microorganisms sensitive to amoxicillin in pigs and poultry.
Properties
Since amoxicillin is a broad-spectrum acid-resistant penicillin with good absorption when taken orally, Amoxicillin 70% is very well suited for mass treatment with drinking water and feed against systemic infections and gastrointestinal infections caused by susceptible bacteria. Due to its rapid bactericidal effect, Amoxicillin 70% is also suitable for pulse dosing in small amounts of drinking water. Along with good solubility at normal therapeutic concentrations, Amoxicillin 70% is relatively stable in drinking water (activity loss after 12 hours is only 6%).
Pharmacology
Amoxicillin is a semi-synthetic broad-spectrum penicillin. It inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis at the level of the bacterial cell wall. Amoxicillin has a bactericidal effect against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Resistant to it are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella, most species of Proteus and staphylococci that produce penicillinase. Resistance is mainly associated with the inactivation of the antibiotic by beta-lactamase, which is mainly mediated by plasmids, but it can also be chromosomal. Amoxicillin trihydrate is rapidly absorbed after oral administration. The absolute bioavailability of amoxicillin trihydrate after oral administration is approximately 60% in chickens. Absorption in the gastrointestinal tract is not significantly affected by the presence of feed. Amoxicillin does not accumulate after repeated administration. Amoxicillin binds to serum proteins by approximately 30% and rapidly and effectively penetrates tissues and is predominantly distributed in the intercellular space. The concentration in the liver, bile, kidneys, urine, intestinal tissues, and its contents is significantly higher than in the blood. Amoxicillin is mainly not metabolized, 90% of the absorbed fraction is excreted mainly in active form in the urine (80%), to a lesser extent in bile (20%). The unabsorbed fraction is excreted in the feces. Amoxicillin undergoes enterohepatic circulation. The average pharmacokinetic parameters (± standard deviation) after oral administration of amoxicillin to target animal species are given below:
Dosage
Amoxicillin 70% is administered orally.
Chickens: 14 mg of amoxicillin per kg of body weight per day or 20 mg of Amoxicillin 70% per 1 kg of body weight per day for 5 days. Administer with drinking water.
The dose of the drug when used with drinking water is calculated using the following formula:
20 * A / B = Am 70% per 1000 liters of water
A — Average body weight in kg x number of animals
B — Total volume of water consumed per day (liters)
Am — Amoxicillin 70% Pigs: 10-20 mg of amoxicillin or 15-30 mg of Amoxicillin 70% per kg of body weight, twice a day, for 4-5 days. Administer with drinking water. First, mix the calculated amount with 10 liters of drinking water until a homogeneous mass is obtained. Then add the amount of water that will be consumed by pigs within 12 hours and by poultry within 2 hours (no more than 12 hours). The rest of the day, water should be given without adding the drug. Unused water with the added drug should be changed every 12 hours.
In poultry, the total daily dose can be given with drinking water that will be consumed within 2 hours. It is desirable that poultry cannot drink 2 hours before drinking water with the added drug.
Withdrawal period (waiting period)
Pigs: 2 days.
Poultry: 1 day.
Do not use for laying hens whose eggs are intended for human consumption.
Conclusions
Due to the high concentration of the active ingredient, its characteristics (good solubility and stability in drinking water) and pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, Amoxicillin 70% is widely recommended in veterinary medicine for the treatment of pigs and poultry as indicated.
Advantages
— High concentration
— Good solubility
— Stability for 12 hours after dissolution
— Short elimination time
